Category Archives: IP Addressing

PPP – How to Configure PPP on Cisco Router Example.

PPP is an important protocol in the history of networking, particularly for establishing internet connections over serial lines. Its ability to handle multiple network protocols and provide authentication and error detection makes it a versatile and reliable choice for point-to-point communication. Despite the advent of faster and more modern protocols, PPP remains relevant in certain applications, particularly in… Read More »

PPP – Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Explained with Examples.

What Is Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)? Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is a protocol used in network security for the validation of a user’s identity.It is primarily used to authenticate a user or a network host to an authenticating entity, such as a server.CHAP is commonly used in Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) connections, which are often found in… Read More »

Quality Of Service – QOS – Explained with Example.

What Is QoS? Quality of Service (QoS) in networking refers to the management of network resources to ensure the best performance of specific types of data transmission. The primary goal of QoS is to provide priority, including dedicated bandwidth, controlled jitter and congestion, and improved loss situations. It’s used to guarantee a certain level of a network service’s… Read More »

RIP Routing Loop Explained.

Split Horizon, Route Poisoning and Holddown Explained. Split Horizon RIP as a distance vector protocol is also susceptible to routing loops (network problem which enables a data packet to continually be routed through the same routers over and over. The data packets continue to be routed within the network in an endless circle.). Split horizon is one of… Read More »

Port Address Translation Explained with Examples.

What is NAT Overload or Port Address Translation PAT. NAT overload sometimes called PAT (Port Address Translation) maps multiple unregistered or private IP addresses to a single registered or public IP address by using different ports. This is what most home broadband routers do. Your ISP assigns an IP address to your router, but you find out that… Read More »