Category Archives: Routing

Switchport Security Explained with Example.

What is Switchport Security? Switchport security is a feature used in network switches, particularly in Cisco devices, to provide a layer of security at the switch port level. This feature helps in preventing unauthorized access to the network by controlling which devices are allowed to connect to each switch port. It is particularly relevant in environments where network… Read More »

Point-to-Point -PPP – Explained with Examples.

What is PPP? A point-to-point connection is a data link layer (Layer 2) communication protocol used to establish a direct connection. PPP connections are used to connect LANs to service provider WANs or LAN segments within an organization network. A LAN-to-WAN point-to-point connection is also referred to as a serial connection or leased-line connection because the lines are leased from a… Read More »

PPP – How to Configure PPP on Cisco Router Example.

PPP is an important protocol in the history of networking, particularly for establishing internet connections over serial lines. Its ability to handle multiple network protocols and provide authentication and error detection makes it a versatile and reliable choice for point-to-point communication. Despite the advent of faster and more modern protocols, PPP remains relevant in certain applications, particularly in… Read More »

PPP – Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Explained with Examples.

What Is Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)? Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is a protocol used in network security for the validation of a user’s identity.It is primarily used to authenticate a user or a network host to an authenticating entity, such as a server.CHAP is commonly used in Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) connections, which are often found in… Read More »

QoS: Bandwidth, Delay, Jitter, and Loss Explained.

Some obstacles can cause a breach or delay even loss of communication over the network. As the internet grows beyond prediction, the modern network’s support for traffic is getting beyond the traditional data types and becomes increasingly difficult to maintain. Communication over the network involves email, file sharing, or web traffic and increasingly, data networks share a common… Read More »